Recently, the Amazon region in Brazil has experienced severe drought, with water levels in multiple rivers reaching historic lows, logistics being hindered, and the lives of urban residents along the rivers have been greatly affected. Due to the low water level, some tributaries of the Brazilian "mother river" - the Amazon River have been cut off, The freight capacity of some major tributaries has also significantly decreased. The Amazon River, located in northern South America, is the second longest river in the world, It is the river with the largest flow and the most tributaries in the world. 

The seasonal changes in the water level of the Amazon River are significant, with May to October being the general dry season. Affected by the El Ni ñ o phenomenon, the precipitation in the Amazon River basin has significantly decreased during the dry season this year. Taking the city of Belem as an example, the precipitation in September this year was only a quarter of the normal year. The water levels of the main tributaries of the Amazon River, such as the Madeira River and the Taparos River, have reached historical lows.

Additionally, according to A recent report states that due to the decrease in river water levels, Currently, 90% of large cargo ships on the Amazon River are unable to navigate with full capacity, resulting in a capacity loss of around 50%. Due to limitations on large vessels, some of the most urgent supplies can now only be transported by loading onto small vessels, Logistics speed has also been affected, and flights that used to take 3 to 4 days now take about 10 days. About two weeks ago, many shipping companies began charging "drought fees", with a minimum of 3000 reais (approximately 4330 yuan) per container, Now this cost has increased to approximately 10000 reais (approximately RMB 14400). According to industry insiders, the recent increase in shipping costs in the Amazon region is generally between 25% and 50%. The increase in freight prices has also been transmitted to the consumer market, and many residents have expressed that they have recently felt significant price increases. Due to the recent intensification of drought in the western and northern regions of Brazil, the water level in the section of the Amazon River located in Manaus, the capital of the Amazon state in Brazil, has significantly decreased, Local waterway traffic has been severely affected. Many enterprises in the Manaus Free Trade Zone, the largest free trade zone in Brazil, have been affected in terms of production and logistics. The Manaus Free Trade Zone gathers the majority of Brazilian electrical and electronic product manufacturers. Affected by the decrease in the water level of the Amazon River, The logistics transportation of some enterprises in the Manaus Free Trade Zone has been severely disrupted. It is understood that the port, which was originally able to transport about 30000 containers per month, actually transported about 1000 containers this month. The obstruction of goods transportation also affects the revenue of the free trade zone. In response, many factories have stated that they will adjust their production capacity. Recently, relevant sources revealed that at least 35 out of over 100 large factories in the local area, with a total of 17000 workers, will take collective leave from the end of this month. Valdemir Santana, Chairman of a workers' union in Amazon, Brazil: Several companies are sending leave notices. Vacation time ranges from 5 to 15 days. We agree, but the condition is that the employee cannot be dismissed. However, even if some factories can maintain production, However, a large number of products leaving the factory also face the logistics problem of "not being able to leave". Brazil is one of the world's major food producing and exporting countries, especially soybeans and corn. These two food categories hold an important position in the international market.

The drought in the Amazon region has also raised concerns among some about international food supply, It is believed that it may lead to an increase in food prices and even trigger a food crisis. However, this concern seems somewhat excessive. According to the Brazilian National Association of Grain Exporters and market analysts, The drought in the Amazon region has little impact on the export of soybeans and corn. Because most of Brazil's food is exported through ports in the south, which have not been affected by the drought. According to statistics, soybean and corn exports from southern ports account for over 80% of Brazil's total exports, The export volume of soybeans and corn transported through the Amazon River to northern ports is less than 10%. Therefore, the impact of the Amazon drought on the international food market can be ignored. In the face of drought, the Brazilian government and various sectors of society are taking some measures to alleviate the impact of drought. The government has announced a series of emergency measures, including providing financial assistance, adjusting water and electricity prices, and increasing reservoir storage capacity. At the same time, the government also calls on the public to save water and reduce pollution. All sectors of society are also actively participating, providing material, technical, and human support to help residents and enterprises in disaster stricken areas overcome difficulties. Overall, the severe drought in the Brazilian Amazon region has had a serious impact on logistics and residents' lives. By strengthening water resource management, adopting water conservation measures, and mitigating climate change, we hope to alleviate the drought problem in the future and ensure the sustainable development of this region.